hi. this is dr. centeno, andthis is the continuation of our short format videoseries on how stem cells work. today we'll talk aboutwhat is ips and stap? or how to create artificialstem cells from natural ones. there are somatic andstem cells in your body. the somatic cellsare the ones that are the buildingblocks of your tissues, while the stem cellsrepair your tissues.
scientists recentlyhave been able to take common somatic cellslike skin cells and reprogram them to becomeartificial embryonic stem cells. there are two mainways of making artificial embryonic stemcells-- ips and stap. ipsc or inducedpluripotent stem cells are created when new genes areinserted into a somatic cell to transform it into anartificial embryonic stem cell.
stap or stimulus-triggeredacquisition of pluripotency is when regularsomatic cells are exposed to a simplestimulus like an acid bath to turn them into artificialembryonic stem cells. in both instances,we're creating cells that don'texist in nature, so the risk profilesare unknown. will they grow forever likeembryonic stem cells and risk tumors?
more research is clearly needed. that's it for today in ourshort format video series on how stem cells work. dr. centeno signing out.
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